pnas/pnas.tex
changeset 663 001fc6183d19
parent 662 57bd9fab3827
child 665 1cfa95e6b8bb
equal deleted inserted replaced
662:57bd9fab3827 663:001fc6183d19
   637 We say a collection of balls $\{B_i\}$ in a manifold $W$ is \emph{permissible}
   637 We say a collection of balls $\{B_i\}$ in a manifold $W$ is \emph{permissible}
   638 if there exists a permissible decomposition $M_0\to\cdots\to M_m = W$ such that
   638 if there exists a permissible decomposition $M_0\to\cdots\to M_m = W$ such that
   639 each $B_i$ appears as a connected component of one of the $M_j$. 
   639 each $B_i$ appears as a connected component of one of the $M_j$. 
   640 Note that this forces the balls to be pairwise either disjoint or nested. 
   640 Note that this forces the balls to be pairwise either disjoint or nested. 
   641 Such a collection of balls cuts $W$ into pieces, the connected components of $W \setminus \bigcup \bdy B_i$. 
   641 Such a collection of balls cuts $W$ into pieces, the connected components of $W \setminus \bigcup \bdy B_i$. 
   642 These pieces need not be manifolds, but they do automatically have permissible decompositions.
   642 These pieces need not be manifolds, 
       
   643 but they can be further subdivided into pieces which are manifolds
       
   644 and which fit into a permissible decomposition of $W$.
   643 
   645 
   644 The $k$-blob group $\bc_k(W; \cC)$ is generated by the $k$-blob diagrams. 
   646 The $k$-blob group $\bc_k(W; \cC)$ is generated by the $k$-blob diagrams. 
   645 A $k$-blob diagram consists of
   647 A $k$-blob diagram consists of
   646 \begin{itemize}
   648 \begin{itemize}
   647 \item a permissible collection of $k$ embedded balls, and
   649 	\item a permissible collection of $k$ embedded balls, and
   648 \item for each resulting piece of $W$, a field,
   650 	\item a linear combination $s$ of string diagrams on $W$,
   649 \end{itemize}
   651 \end{itemize}
   650 such that for any innermost blob $B$, the field on $B$ goes to zero under the gluing map from $\cC$. 
   652 such that
   651 We call such a field a ``null field on $B$".
   653 \begin{itemize}
       
   654 	\item there is a permissible decomposition of $W$, compatible with the $k$ blobs, such that
       
   655 	$s$ is the product of linear combinations of string diagrams $s_i$ on the initial pieces $X_i$ of the decomposition
       
   656 	(for fixed restrictions to the boundaries of the pieces),
       
   657 	\item the $s_i$'s corresponding to innermost blobs evaluate to zero in $\cC$, and
       
   658 	\item the $s_i$'s corresponding to the other pieces are single string diagrams (linear combinations with only one term).
       
   659 \end{itemize}
       
   660 %that for any innermost blob $B$, the field on $B$ goes to zero under the gluing map from $\cC$. 
       
   661 \nn{yech}
       
   662 We call such linear combinations which evaluate to zero on a blob $B$ a ``null field on $B$".
   652 
   663 
   653 The differential acts on a $k$-blob diagram by summing over ways to forget one of the $k$ blobs, with alternating signs.
   664 The differential acts on a $k$-blob diagram by summing over ways to forget one of the $k$ blobs, with alternating signs.
   654 
   665 
       
   666 \nn{KW: I have not finished changng terminology from ``field" to ``string diagram"}
       
   667 
   655 We now spell this out for some small values of $k$. 
   668 We now spell this out for some small values of $k$. 
   656 For $k=0$, the $0$-blob group is simply fields on $W$. 
   669 For $k=0$, the $0$-blob group is simply linear combinations of string diagrams on $W$. 
   657 For $k=1$, a generator consists of a field on $W$ and a ball, such that the restriction of the field to that ball is a null field. 
   670 For $k=1$, a generator consists of a field on $W$ and a ball, such that the restriction of the field to that ball is a null field. 
   658 The differential simply forgets the ball. 
   671 The differential simply forgets the ball. 
   659 Thus we see that $H_0$ of the blob complex is the quotient of fields by fields which are null on some ball.
   672 Thus we see that $H_0$ of the blob complex is the quotient of fields by fields which are null on some ball.
   660 
   673 
   661 For $k=2$, we have a two types of generators; they each consists of a field $f$ on $W$, and two balls $B_1$ and $B_2$. 
   674 For $k=2$, we have a two types of generators; they each consists of a field $f$ on $W$, and two balls $B_1$ and $B_2$.