text/ncat.tex
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  1066 
  1066 
  1067 Inductively, we may assume that we have already defined the colimit $\cl\cC(M)$ for $k{-}1$-manifolds $M$.
  1067 Inductively, we may assume that we have already defined the colimit $\cl\cC(M)$ for $k{-}1$-manifolds $M$.
  1068 (To start the induction, we define $\cl\cC(M)$, where $M = \du_a P_a$ is a 0-manifold and each $P_a$ is
  1068 (To start the induction, we define $\cl\cC(M)$, where $M = \du_a P_a$ is a 0-manifold and each $P_a$ is
  1069 a 0-ball, to be $\prod_a \cC(P_a)$.)
  1069 a 0-ball, to be $\prod_a \cC(P_a)$.)
  1070 We also assume, inductively, that we have gluing and restriction maps for colimits of $k{-}1$-manifolds.
  1070 We also assume, inductively, that we have gluing and restriction maps for colimits of $k{-}1$-manifolds.
       
  1071 Gluing and restriction maps for colimits of $k$-manifolds will be defined later in this subsection.
  1071 
  1072 
  1072 Let $\du_a X_a = M_0\to\cdots\to M_m = W$ be a ball decomposition compatible with $x$.
  1073 Let $\du_a X_a = M_0\to\cdots\to M_m = W$ be a ball decomposition compatible with $x$.
  1073 Let $\bd M_i = N_i \cup Y_i \cup Y'_i$, where $Y_i$ and $Y'_i$ are glued together to produce $M_{i+1}$.
  1074 Let $\bd M_i = N_i \cup Y_i \cup Y'_i$, where $Y_i$ and $Y'_i$ are glued together to produce $M_{i+1}$.
  1074 We will define $\psi_{\cC;W}(x)$ be be the subset of $\prod_a \cC(X_a)$ which satisfies a series of conditions
  1075 We will define $\psi_{\cC;W}(x)$ be be the subset of $\prod_a \cC(X_a)$ which satisfies a series of conditions
  1075 related to the gluings $M_{i-1} \to M_i$, $1\le i \le m$.
  1076 related to the gluings $M_{i-1} \to M_i$, $1\le i \le m$.
  1086 $\cl\cC(N_0) \to \cl\cC(\bd M_1)$.
  1087 $\cl\cC(N_0) \to \cl\cC(\bd M_1)$.
  1087 The second condition is that the image of $\psi_{\cC;W}(x)$ in $\cl\cC(\bd M_1)$ is splittable
  1088 The second condition is that the image of $\psi_{\cC;W}(x)$ in $\cl\cC(\bd M_1)$ is splittable
  1088 along $\bd Y_1$ and $\bd Y'_1$, and that the restrictions to $\cl\cC(Y_1)$ and $\cl\cC(Y'_1)$ agree
  1089 along $\bd Y_1$ and $\bd Y'_1$, and that the restrictions to $\cl\cC(Y_1)$ and $\cl\cC(Y'_1)$ agree
  1089 (with respect to the identification of $Y_1$ and $Y'_1$ provided by the gluing map). 
  1090 (with respect to the identification of $Y_1$ and $Y'_1$ provided by the gluing map). 
  1090 The $i$-th condition is defined similarly.
  1091 The $i$-th condition is defined similarly.
       
  1092 Note that these conditions depend on on the boundaries of elements of $\prod_a \cC(X_a)$.
  1091 
  1093 
  1092 We define $\psi_{\cC;W}(x)$ to be the subset of $\prod_a \cC(X_a)$ which satisfies the 
  1094 We define $\psi_{\cC;W}(x)$ to be the subset of $\prod_a \cC(X_a)$ which satisfies the 
  1093 above conditions for all $i$ and also all 
  1095 above conditions for all $i$ and also all 
  1094 ball decompositions compatible with $x$.
  1096 ball decompositions compatible with $x$.
  1095 (If $x$ is a nice, non-pathological cell decomposition, then it is easy to see that gluing
  1097 (If $x$ is a nice, non-pathological cell decomposition, then it is easy to see that gluing
  1096 compatibility for one ball decomposition implies gluing compatibility for all other ball decompositions.
  1098 compatibility for one ball decomposition implies gluing compatibility for all other ball decompositions.
  1097 Rather than try to prove a similar result for arbitrary
  1099 Rather than try to prove a similar result for arbitrary
  1098 permissible decompositions, we instead require compatibility with all ways of gluing up the decomposition.)
  1100 permissible decompositions, we instead require compatibility with all ways of gluing up the decomposition.)
  1099 
  1101 
  1100 If $x$ is a refinement of $y$, the map $\psi_{\cC;W}(x) \to \psi_{\cC;W}(y)$ is given by the composition maps of $\cC$.
  1102 If $x$ is a refinement of $y$, the map $\psi_{\cC;W}(x) \to \psi_{\cC;W}(y)$ 
  1101 
  1103 is given by the composition maps of $\cC$.
  1102 
  1104 This completes the definition of the functor $\psi_{\cC;W}$.
  1103 \nn{to do: define splittability and restrictions for colimits}
  1105 
  1104 
  1106 Note that we have constructed, at the last stage of the above procedure, 
  1105 \noop{ %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
  1107 a map from $\psi_{\cC;W}(x)$ to $\cl\cC(\bd M_m) = \cl\cC(\bd W)$.
  1106 For pedagogical reasons, let us first consider the case of a decomposition $y$ of $W$ 
       
  1107 which is a nice, non-pathological cell decomposition.
       
  1108 Then each $k$-ball $X$ of $y$ has its boundary decomposed into $k{-}1$-balls,
       
  1109 and, as described above, we have a subset $\cC(X)\spl \sub \cC(X)$ of morphisms whose boundaries
       
  1110 are splittable along this decomposition.
       
  1111 
       
  1112 We can now
       
  1113 define the functor $\psi_{\cC;W} : \cell(W) \to \Set$ as follows.
       
  1114 For a decomposition $x = \bigsqcup_a X_a$ in $\cell(W)$, $\psi_{\cC;W}(x)$ is the subset
       
  1115 \begin{equation}
       
  1116 %\label{eq:psi-C}
       
  1117 	\psi_{\cC;W}(x) \sub \prod_a \cC(X_a)\spl
       
  1118 \end{equation}
       
  1119 where the restrictions to the various pieces of shared boundaries amongst the cells
       
  1120 $X_a$ all agree (this is a fibered product of all the labels of $n$-cells over the labels of $n{-}1$-cells).
       
  1121 If $x$ is a refinement of $y$, the map $\psi_{\cC;W}(x) \to \psi_{\cC;W}(y)$ is given by the composition maps of $\cC$.
       
  1122 
       
  1123 In general, $y$ might be more general than a cell decomposition
       
  1124 (see Example \ref{sin1x-example}), so we must define $\psi_{\cC;W}$ in a more roundabout way.
       
  1125 \nn{...}
       
  1126 
       
  1127 \begin{defn}
       
  1128 Define the functor $\psi_{\cC;W} : \cell(W) \to \Set$ as follows.
       
  1129 \nn{...}
       
  1130 If $x$ is a refinement of $y$, the map $\psi_{\cC;W}(x) \to \psi_{\cC;W}(y)$ is given by the composition maps of $\cC$.
       
  1131 \end{defn}
       
  1132 } % end \noop %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
       
  1133 
  1108 
  1134 
  1109 
  1135 If $k=n$ in the above definition and we are enriching in some auxiliary category, 
  1110 If $k=n$ in the above definition and we are enriching in some auxiliary category, 
  1136 we need to say a bit more.
  1111 we need to say a bit more.
  1137 We can rewrite the colimit as
  1112 We can rewrite the colimit as
  1138 \begin{equation} \label{eq:psi-CC}
  1113 \[  % \begin{equation} \label{eq:psi-CC}
  1139 	\psi_{\cC;W}(x) \deq \coprod_\beta \prod_a \cC(X_a; \beta) ,
  1114 	\psi_{\cC;W}(x) \deq \coprod_\beta \prod_a \cC(X_a; \beta) ,
  1140 \end{equation}
  1115 \]  % \end{equation}
  1141 where $\beta$ runs through labelings of the $k{-}1$-skeleton of the decomposition
  1116 where $\beta$ runs through 
  1142 (which are compatible when restricted to the $k{-}2$-skeleton), and $\cC(X_a; \beta)$
  1117 boundary conditions on $\du_a X_a$ which are compatible with gluing as specified above
  1143 means the subset of $\cC(X_a)$ whose restriction to $\bd X_a$ agress with $\beta$.
  1118 and $\cC(X_a; \beta)$
       
  1119 means the subset of $\cC(X_a)$ whose restriction to $\bd X_a$ agrees with $\beta$.
  1144 If we are enriching over $\cS$ and $k=n$, then $\cC(X_a; \beta)$ is an object in 
  1120 If we are enriching over $\cS$ and $k=n$, then $\cC(X_a; \beta)$ is an object in 
  1145 $\cS$ and the coproduct and product in Equation \ref{eq:psi-CC} should be replaced by the approriate
  1121 $\cS$ and the coproduct and product in the above expression should be replaced by the appropriate
  1146 operations in $\cS$ (e.g. direct sum and tensor product if $\cS$ is Vect).
  1122 operations in $\cS$ (e.g. direct sum and tensor product if $\cS$ is Vect).
  1147 
  1123 
  1148 Finally, we construct $\cl{\cC}(W)$ as the appropriate colimit of $\psi_{\cC;W}$:
  1124 Finally, we construct $\cl{\cC}(W)$ as the appropriate colimit of $\psi_{\cC;W}$:
  1149 
  1125 
  1150 \begin{defn}[System of fields functor]
  1126 \begin{defn}[System of fields functor]
  1241 Restricting the $k$-spheres, we have now proved Lemma \ref{lem:spheres}.
  1217 Restricting the $k$-spheres, we have now proved Lemma \ref{lem:spheres}.
  1242 
  1218 
  1243 It is easy to see that
  1219 It is easy to see that
  1244 there are well-defined maps $\cl{\cC}(W)\to\cl{\cC}(\bd W)$, and that these maps
  1220 there are well-defined maps $\cl{\cC}(W)\to\cl{\cC}(\bd W)$, and that these maps
  1245 comprise a natural transformation of functors.
  1221 comprise a natural transformation of functors.
       
  1222 
       
  1223 
       
  1224 
       
  1225 \nn{to do: define splittability and restrictions for colimits}
       
  1226 
       
  1227 
  1246 
  1228 
  1247 \begin{lem}
  1229 \begin{lem}
  1248 \label{lem:colim-injective}
  1230 \label{lem:colim-injective}
  1249 Let $W$ be a manifold of dimension less than $n$.  Then for each
  1231 Let $W$ be a manifold of dimension less than $n$.  Then for each
  1250 decomposition $x$ of $W$ the natural map $\psi_{\cC;W}(x)\to \cl{\cC}(W)$ is injective.
  1232 decomposition $x$ of $W$ the natural map $\psi_{\cC;W}(x)\to \cl{\cC}(W)$ is injective.